3.1.1. Working with texts. The 4 Cs of CLIL / The four principles of CLIL Methodology

According to Mehisto, Marsh and Frigols (2008) the basic principles of any CLIL model are Cognition, Community, Content, and Communication. These principles can also be seen as starting points in CLIL lesson planning.

Coyle, Hood and Marsh talk about the 4Cs Framework (2010: 41). Their Framework includes and integrates the following aspects of CLIL: content, communication, cognition and culture. Content is the subject matter, by communication they mean language and language use, and cognition signifies the learning and thinking processes. The cultural aspect of CLIL means the development of intercultural understanding and global citizenship. This Framework integrates content and languages learning in a variety of contexts.