9.2.1 What type of sports is it?

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It is a winter sport, a form of Nordic skiing. It has been part of the Winter Olympic Games since 1924.  Skiers descend from a man-made construction, called inrun and they ’take off’ from its end, called the table. Points are awarded for distance and style by five judges. The skis they use are longer and wider than those of other skiers.  It can also be performed in the summer on artificially made surfaces.  

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A recreational kiting activity. It is also called parascending. The sportsperson is towed behind a vehicle, most often a boat with a harness and he or she is attached to a kind of canopy wing. As the vehicle drives off the person is ’flying away’. Sportspeople  are equipped with a life jacket, too. The equipment was first used in training parachutists. In early 1976, Brian Gaskin designed, created, and tested the best-known canopy design which he named "Waterbird. " Famous sites in the world for doing this sports include Florida, California, Hawaii, New Zealand, Mexico and the Philippines. 

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A competitive form of ice skating. Competitors run on skates and they may cover longer, shorter or Marathon distances. The standard rink for long track  is 400 metres. Short track competitions take place in a rink, the size of which is identical with that of the ice hockey rink. The international federation was founded in 1892, it was the first international organization for any winter sports. There are variations of races, for example team races, elimination races,  endurance races, with time limits instead of distance, and points races. In the Netherlands, marathon competitions may be held on natural ice on canals and bodies of water, such as lakes and rivers, but may also be held on artificially frozen 400 m tracks, with skaters circling the track 100 times, for example.  

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A kind of water sports. It is a routine performed with music. It is beautiful, but very demanding. It became an Olympic sport as early as 1884. Competitions are complicated, too. First the swimmer does a flexibility test. It accounts for 30% of the results. Next, the swimmer presents two to four figures in front of the judges. In the end all swimmers present their routines in front of the judges.   Figure and routine account for 70% of the results.